ARG63016
anti-HLA DR1 (empty)antibody [MEM-267]
anti-HLA DR1 (empty)antibody [MEM-267] for ELISA,Flow cytometry,Western blot and Human
Immune System antibody
Overview
| Product Description | Mouse Monoclonal antibody [MEM-267] recognizes HLA DR1 (empty) |
|---|---|
| Tested Reactivity | Hu |
| Tested Application | ELISA, FACS, WB |
| Specificity | The clone MEM-267 specifically binds to the empty but not peptide-loaded form of HLA-DR1. DR is the isotypes of human MHC Class II molecules expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APC; dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages). |
| Host | Mouse |
| Clonality | Monoclonal |
| Clone | MEM-267 |
| Isotype | IgG2b |
| Target Name | HLA DR1 (empty) |
| Immunogen | Purified, insoluble DR1 beta chain (DRB1*0101) expressed in E. coli inclusion bodies. |
| Conjugation | Un-conjugated |
| Alternate Names | MLRW; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain; HLA-DRA1; MHC class II antigen DRA |
Application Instructions
| Application Suggestion |
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| Application Note | FACS: The clone MEM-267 stains immature dendritic cells that express empty cell surface MHC molecules, but not cells that express predominantly peptide loaded forms. * The dilutions indicate recommended starting dilutions and the optimal dilutions or concentrations should be determined by the scientist. |
Properties
| Form | Liquid |
|---|---|
| Purification | Purified from ascites by protein-A affinity chromatography. |
| Purity | > 95% (by SDS-PAGE) |
| Buffer | PBS (pH 7.4) and 15 mM Sodium azide |
| Preservative | 15 mM Sodium azide |
| Concentration | 1 mg/ml |
| Storage Instruction | For continuous use, store undiluted antibody at 2-8°C for up to a week. For long-term storage, aliquot and store at -20°C or below. Storage in frost free freezers is not recommended. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Suggest spin the vial prior to opening. The antibody solution should be gently mixed before use. |
| Note | For laboratory research only, not for drug, diagnostic or other use. |
Bioinformation
| Database Links |
Swiss-port # P01903 Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain |
|---|---|
| Gene Symbol | HLA-DRA |
| Gene Full Name | major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha |
| Background | HLA-DR1 belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. The MHC Class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. MHC Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. |
| Function | Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading. [UniProt] |
| Research Area | Immune System antibody |
| Calculated MW | 29 kDa |
| PTM | Ubiquitinated by MARCH1 or MARCH8 at Lys-244 leading to down-regulation of MHC class II. When associated with ubiquitination of the beta subunit of HLA-DR: HLA-DRB4 'Lys-254', the down-regulation of MHC class II may be highly effective. |
