ARG43036
anti-cGAS antibody
anti-cGAS antibody for Western blot,IHC-Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections and Human,Mouse,Rat
Overview
Product Description | Rabbit Polyclonal antibody recognizes cGAS |
---|---|
Tested Reactivity | Hu, Ms, Rat |
Tested Application | IHC-P, WB |
Host | Rabbit |
Clonality | Polyclonal |
Isotype | IgG |
Target Name | cGAS |
Antigen Species | Human |
Immunogen | Recombinant fusion protein corresponding to aa. 400-522 of Human cGAS (NP_612450.2). |
Conjugation | Un-conjugated |
Alternate Names | cGAMP synthase; Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; Mab-21 domain-containing protein 1; C6orf150; EC 2.7.7.86; cGAS; h-cGAS |
Application Instructions
Application Suggestion |
|
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Application Note | * The dilutions indicate recommended starting dilutions and the optimal dilutions or concentrations should be determined by the scientist. | ||||||
Positive Control | U-87MG |
Properties
Form | Liquid |
---|---|
Purification | Affinity purified. |
Buffer | PBS (pH 7.3), 0.02% Sodium azide and 50% Glycerol. |
Preservative | 0.02% Sodium azide |
Stabilizer | 50% Glycerol |
Storage Instruction | For continuous use, store undiluted antibody at 2-8°C for up to a week. For long-term storage, aliquot and store at -20°C. Storage in frost free freezers is not recommended. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Suggest spin the vial prior to opening. The antibody solution should be gently mixed before use. |
Note | For laboratory research only, not for drug, diagnostic or other use. |
Bioinformation
Database Links | |
---|---|
Gene Symbol | MB21D1 |
Gene Full Name | Mab-21 domain containing 1 |
Function | Nucleotidyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) from ATP and GTP and plays a key role in innate immunity (PubMed:23258413, PubMed:23707061, PubMed:23722159, PubMed:24077100, PubMed:25131990, PubMed:29976794, PubMed:30799039). Catalysis involves both the formation of a 2',5' phosphodiester linkage at the GpA step and the formation of a 3',5' phosphodiester linkage at the ApG step, producing c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p] (PubMed:28363908, PubMed:28214358). Acts as a key cytosolic DNA sensor, the presence of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytoplasm being a danger signal that triggers the immune responses (PubMed:28363908). Binds cytosolic DNA directly, leading to activation and synthesis of cGAMP, a second messenger that binds to and activates TMEM173/STING, thereby triggering type-I interferon production (PubMed:28363908, PubMed:28314590). Preferentially recognizes and binds curved long DNAs (PubMed:30007416). In contrast to other mammals, human CGAS displays species-specific mechanisms of DNA recognition and produces less cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), allowing a more fine-tuned response to pathogens (PubMed:30007416). Has antiviral activity by sensing the presence of dsDNA from DNA viruses in the cytoplasm (PubMed:28363908). Also acts as an innate immune sensor of infection by retroviruses, such as HIV-1, by detecting the presence of reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol (PubMed:23929945). Detection of retroviral reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol may be indirect and be mediated via interaction with PQBP1, which directly binds reverse-transcribed retroviral DNA (PubMed:26046437). Also detects the presence of DNA from bacteria, such as M.tuberculosis (PubMed:26048138). cGAMP can be transferred from producing cells to neighboring cells through gap junctions, leading to promote TMEM173/STING activation and convey immune response to connecting cells (PubMed:24077100). cGAMP can also be transferred between cells by virtue of packaging within viral particles contributing to IFN-induction in newly infected cells in a cGAS-independent but TMEM173/STING-dependent manner (PubMed:26229115). In addition to antiviral activity, also involved in the response to cellular stresses, such as senescence, DNA damage or genome instability (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889). Acts as a regulator of cellular senescence by binding to cytosolic chromatin fragments that are present in senescent cells, leading to trigger type-I interferon production via TMEM173/STING and promote cellular senescence (By similarity). Also involved in the inflammatory response to genome instability and double-stranded DNA breaks: acts by localizing to micronuclei arising from genome instability (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889). Micronuclei, which as frequently found in cancer cells, consist of chromatin surrounded by its own nuclear membrane: following breakdown of the micronuclear envelope, a process associated with chromothripsis, CGAS binds self-DNA exposed to the cytosol, leading to cGAMP synthesis and subsequent activation of TMEM173/STING and type-I interferon production (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889). Acts as a suppressor of DNA repair in response to DNA damage: translocates to the nucleus following dephosphorylation at Tyr-215 and inhibits homologous recombination repair by interacting with PARP1, the CGAS-PARP1 interaction leading to impede the formation of the PARP1-TIMELESS complex (PubMed:30356214). [UniProt] |
Cellular Localization | Cytoplasm, cytosol. Note=Upon transfection with dsDNA forms punctate structures that co-localize with DNA and Beclin-1 (BECN1) (PubMed:26048138). Note=(Microbial infection) Upon infection with virulent M.tuberculosis forms aggregates with dsDNA, non-virulent bacteria (without the ESX-1 locus) do not form these aggregates (PubMed:26048138). [UniProt] |
Calculated MW | 59 kDa |
PTM | Polyglutamylated by TTLL6 at Glu-286, leading to impair DNA-binding activity. Monoglutamylated at Glu-314 by TTLL4, leading to impair the nucleotidyltransferase activity. Deglutamylated by AGBL5/CCP5 and AGBL6/CCP6. Cleaved by CASP1 at Asp-140 and Asp-157 upon DNA virus infection; the cleavage impairs cGAMP production (PubMed:28314590). Also cleaved by the pyroptotic CASP4 and CASP5 during non-canonical inflammasome activation; they don't cut at the same sites than CASP1 (PubMed:28314590). [UniProt] |